Gregor Mendel is well known for being the first to observe multiple patterns of gene segregation for selected traits in peas and through some theoretical mapping, determine ratio outcomes for a genotype and the probabilities of recurrence of specific traits for subsequent filial lines.
This approach has been named Classic Mendelian Genetics, and has been used for decades in mapping patterns of inheritance.
There are 5 basic modes of inheritance for single-gene disease tracking:
- Autosomal Dominant
- Autosomal Recessive
- X-Linked Dominant
- X-Linked Recessive
- Mitochondrial
Image credit: thoracickey.com
1 – Autosomal Dominant
Each affected plant came from an affected parent
Passed across every successive generation
2 - Autosomal Recessive
Both parents of affected progeny are carriers
Not seen across every generation
3 – X-Linked Dominant
Female progeny more commonly affected
Can affect both male and female across the same generation
4 – X-Linked Recessive
Male progeny more commonly affected
Affected males common in each generation
5 – Mitochondrial
Can affect both sexes, but is only passed on by females
Can be present in every subsequent generation
Reference: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Bookshelf ID: NBK132145
